The Genealogist

The History of the Family Crest

By Marie Christianson

The family crest, also known as the coat of arms, enjoys a long and interesting history dating back to ancient times. In fact, the Greeks and African warriors were known to have put special markings on their shields long before Christianity ever existed. The family crest as we have come to know it, however, did not begin to develop until the time of the Crusades of the 1100\’s.

Creating the Family Crest from Necessity

Though looked upon today as a novelty item or as a way to connect to past generations, the family crest was originally developed out of pure necessity. During the time of the Crusade, men from a number of countries joined together in battle. In order to survive, it became necessary to form a quick and easy method for visually identifying one another. After all, closed helmets and suits of armor made it virtually impossible to differentiate one person from the next.

In response to this basic need to survive, English knights began wearing special marks on their armor. These symbols were referred to as \”arms\”. This idea caught on quickly throughout all of Europe. Over time, the family crest was added to the surcoats, which were pieces of cloth worn over the armor in order to help keep the armor cooler. The practice of embroidering the family crest, which included symbols and marks referred to as arms, onto these surcoats resulted in the term \”coat of arms\”.

The Rise of Heralds

As the number and variety of family crests began to grow, it became necessary to designate certain individuals to keep track of them. Those people who were responsible for memorizing the knight\’s arms and for announcing them to the public during special ceremonies and events were known as heralds. These heralds were considered to be the masters of ceremonies at all public competitions and, over time, they actually became appointed by the court to the position.

Keeping the Peace

The job of the herald also slowly evolved into that of playing peacekeeper. As ideas for coat of arms designs diminished, it became increasingly common to duplicate family crests. As a result, the very knights that were called upon by the king to work together in protecting the royal crown were battling one another over the rights to the family crest. Obviously, this was not a desirable situation. As such, heralds were called upon by the king to settle these disputes by verifying and recording the coat of arms. In addition, the Royal regulation of 1419 as established by Henry V of England gave the heralds the power to deny the use of a particular family crest.

Developing a Unique Language

In order to better keep track of the multiple family crests being created, heralds created their own unique language. This language was used to describe the symbols of the family crest, which were officially called the Blazon of Arms. Each of these descriptions was catalogued in the College of Arms that was used throughout the world. These historic records held the same legal binding as deeds. As such, their registration can be researched even to this day and used by anyone with the ability to understand the language developed by the heralds.

As an example, the Tierney family crest is catalogued as \”Azure two lines rampant or, supporting a sword proper\”. In the heraldic language, this means the family crest is a shield with a blue (azure) background containing two gold (or) rampant lions that are holding a sword. Furthermore, these colors and symbols each have their own special meaning. The azure, for example, represents truth and loyalty while the or stands for elevation of mind and generosity. Similarly, the lions are representative of courage and of strength.

Additional Uses of the Family Crest

In addition to being used by knights to identify one another in battle, the family crest was used for a variety of other purposes. For example, the family crest was generally easier to recognize than the written word. In addition, many people during the time of their development were unable to read and to write. Therefore, the family crest was routinely engraved in a ring, which the wearer used in order to create his or her official signature on documents.

The coat of arms was also routinely used in wedding ceremonies in order to symbolize the joining of two families. By displaying the family crest of both the bride and the groom, the importance of both families was easily demonstrated to the families and friends of the happy couple. Today, they can be used in much the same way.

About The Author

Marie Christianson is a senior business analyst at http://www.FamilyDetails.com. Visit the FamilyDetails.com Family Crest Info Center for more articles and resources!

A Legacy Keepsake Recently Found

By Gail Metcalf

My parents recently divorced after 37 years of marriage. My mom packed up boxes for my brother and I as she prepared to move from the house we had lived in most of our lives. These boxes included things she thought might have special meaning to us. I was eager to open up my boxes, feeling as if I was about to discover childhood treasures.

It has been said out of the five senses; smell brings back memories the quickest. As I opened the dusty cardboard box, memories came flooding back to me, bringing tears to my eyes. Maybe it was the impending divorce (even though I was an adult). Maybe it was because I was thinking back to when I was the age of my own daughters. As I started to unload the items, one by one, my mother and I talked and laughed about old times; the good times - the not so good times. It was if my childhood could be summed up in the contents of one cardboard box.

Amongst the dolls (No-No was my favorite), roller skates (I could go for miles) and blankets (still smelled of tears and slobber), I saw one remaining item. The last item I pulled out was my Fisher Price Tape Recorder from 1980. Wow. That thing gave me hours, upon hours of entertainment when I was a kid. Then I noticed it still had a cassette tape in the
recorder; how awesome. Talk about a diamond in the rough. Amazingly enough, the batteries still worked and I pushed \”play.\” Suddenly, I heard my Grandfather and I talking away during the Blizzard of 1980. Just hearing a couple words (and my little voice, as I was only 6 at the time) immediately took me back to a different place and time.

My grandparents were visiting us in Colorado at Christmas and a huge snow blizzard during the early 80\’s insured we would have a \”White Christmas.\” When I say blizzard, I mean snow engulfed the front door and we could not leave the house for milk, kind of blizzard. I remember it as if it was yesterday. I was running around inside (cabin fever?) eager to go make snow ice-cream and sled outside in the powder.

My grandfather, whom was among my favorite people in the entire world, was downstairs cleaning his eye-glasses. The cassette tape started rolling and the \”interview\” went something like this; \”Whatcha doing?\” \”I am cleaning my glasses.\” \”Why are you cleaning your glasses?\” \”I am cleaning my glasses so I can have a better outlook in life!\” This struck me as the funniest thing I had ever heard. We both giggled and so it went as the snow fell outside and
neither of us cared.

My eyes water still today, thinking about those special times with my grandfather; times when nothing else mattered other than playing games all day in our imaginary world. I cherish this tape. To have his voice on tape with an example of the giggling and joy our relationship was built around. I miss and love him dearly. Although I just saw him a month ago, it is not the same. He now has no real idea who I am.
See, my grandfather is now in a nursing home with
Alzheimer\’s.

I am so very grateful that even at a young age, I realized the importance of that candid conversation and did not record over it. As my grandfather slowly becomes a different person as the stages of Alzheimer\’s progress, I have somewhat of a time capsule. By accident, I have a piece of my grandfather\’s legacy. It has been a wonderful gift that has changed my life. It has changed my overall attitude towards preserving moments and creating a keepsake. Due to this little jewel that I was given, I will ensure that both my daughters will have my personal legacy (and inadvertently their own). As they grow older, I will also share the importance of record keeping and leaving their own legacy.

Although the smell of my old toys brought memories flooding back, it was the sound of hearing my Grandfather say, \”So, I can have a better outlook in life,\” that has actually changed mine.

About The Author

Amy Cummings is a special education teacher. Gail Metcalf is an infopreneur marketing her own educational and information products on the Internet. Amy and Gail have now joined their creative efforts with Life\’s Little Journals

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